Palabras clave
endocarditis
erisipela
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
PCR
Cómo citar
Resumen
Clínica Veterinaria: abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico
ISSN: 2395-8766
Cómo citar este artículo:
- Ruiz Jiménez F, Martínez Chavarría L, Hernández Castro R, Sánchez Godoy F. Endocarditis valvular vegetativa por Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae en aves de traspatio. Clínica Veterinaria: abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico. 2018;4(1).
Descripción del caso: infección sistémica y crónica por Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae en un gallo de traspatio (Gallus gallus) de dos años de edad.
Hallazgos clínicos: el ave presentaba problemas respiratorios y se encontraba desnutrida. Los hallazgos en la necropsia fueron aerosaculitis crónica, endocarditis valvular vegetativa crónica, degeneración mucoide de la grasa pericárdica y hepatitis necrótica grave zonalmente extensiva y aguda.
Tratamiento y evolución: se le administró Amikacina (Parmikacina®, Laboratorios Parfarm) intramuscular (IM) por 7 días sin mostrar mejoría y murió al día siguiente.
Pruebas de laboratorio: en el examen histopatológico se observó abundante cantidad de colonias bacterianas Gram positivas con morfología de bastón en el endocardio valvular y en la luz de los vasos sanguíneos del pulmón, bazo, hígado y riñón. De igual manera, en el pulmón había un granuloma con hifas intralesionales de Aspergillus sp. El diagnóstico etiológico de Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae se confirmó por PCR.
Relevancia clínica: la erisipela se considera un diagnóstico diferencial de infecciones bacterianas sistémicas crónicas en aves no confinadas. La endocarditis valvular vegetativa es una lesión compatible con erisipelosis,
sin embargo, se debe correlacionar con técnicas diagnósticas como el aislamiento bacteriano o la PCR, a fin de establecer un diagnóstico etiológico oportuno, que permita instaurar un tratamiento efectivo en las
aves afectadas.
Figura 2. Endocarditis valvular vegetativa. Válvula atrioventricular izquierda con nódulos firmes de color blanco en su superficie.
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae vegetative endocarditis in a backyard flock
Abstract
Case report: Systemic and chronic infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in a two-year-old backyard rooster (Gallus gallus).
Clinical findings: The bird showed respiratory signs and was emaciated. The gross findings were chronic airsacculitis, chronic valvular vegetative endocarditis, pericardium fatty degeneration and zonal severe acute necrotic hepatitis.
Treatment and evolution: Amikacin (Parmikacina®, Laboratorios Parfarm) was administered to the rooster by the intramuscular route for seven days without showing improvement and he died the next day.
Laboratory tests: The histopathologic examination revealed a copious number of Gram-positive bacilli within the valvular endocardium and in the blood vessels lumen of the lungs, spleen, liver, and kidneys. Additionally, a granuloma intermingled with Aspergillus sp. hyphae was observed in the lung. The etiological diagnosis of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was confirmed with a PCR test.
Clinical relevance: Erysipelas is considered a differential diagnosis of systemic bacterial chronic infections in non-confined birds. Valvular vegetative endocarditis is an erysipelas consistent lesion; however, it must be correlated with other diagnostic tests like bacterial isolation or PCR to determine a precise diagnosis and treat the affected birds effectively.
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