Palabras clave
timpanismo
granuloma
indigestión vagal.
Cómo citar
Resumen
Clínica Veterinaria: abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico
ISSN: 2395-8766
Cómo citar este artículo:
- Carrisoza-Urbina J, Bedolla-Alva MA, Gutiérrez-Pabello JÁ. Exacerbada linfadenitis granulomatosa por Mycobacterium bovis como causa de timpanismo gaseoso en un becerro. Clínica Veterinaria: abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico. 2018;4(2).
Descripción del caso clínico. Bovino de la raza Holstein Friesian de 3 meses y 26 días de edad falleció por timpanismo gaseoso y síndrome vagal provocado por una linfadenitis granulomatosa exacerbada causada por Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis).
Hallazgos clínicos. Bovino que clínicamente presenta timpanismo gaseoso recurrente y que en la descripción patológica macroscópica se observó neumonía granulomatosa, así como una exacerbada linfandenitis granulomatosa, difusa, grave de los nódulos linfáticos mediastinos que comprimieron el nervio vago provocando timpanismo gaseoso debido a la pedida del reflejo gastrointestinal.
Tratamiento y evolución. La becerra tenía como signo clínico timpanismo recurrente autolimitante, del que se desconoce el tratamiento que recibió.
Pruebas de laboratorio. En el examen histopatológico se observaron lesiones granulomatosas difusas sin cápsula de tejido conectivo, lesiones compatibles con tuberculosis. Mediante la tinción de Von Kossa se confirmó que los granulomas contenían calcio, y con la tinción de Ziehl Neelsen, se observó una gran cantidad de bacilos ácido alcohol resistente tanto en tejido pulmonar como en los nódulos linfáticos. Finalmente, se realizó una PCR de una sección de tejido embebido en parafina de nódulo linfático con lesión mediante el cual se confirmó M. bovis.
Relevancia clínica. Existe poca información de causas de timpanismo gaseoso y síndrome vagal asociado a una linfadenitis granulomatosa difusa, así como, una formación atípica de lesiones granulomatosas por M. bovis en nódulos linfáticos mediastínicos en becerros, lo que resalta la importancia de incluir en el diagnostico diferencial a la tuberculosis bovina como una de las causas posibles de timpanismo gaseoso recurrente al igual que seguir las medidas de bioseguridad que eviten problemas de salud pública. Los hallazgos macroscópicos e histológicos descritos es este análisis confirman timpanismo gaseoso asociado a una indigestión vagal por linfadenitis granulomatosa debida a la infección por M. bovis.
Figura 1. Becerra Holstein Friesian con distención abdominal.
Mycobacterium bovis exacerbated granulomatous lymphadenitis as a cause of free-gas bloat in a calf.
Abstract
Case description. A Holstein Friesian calf, 3 months and 26 days of age died because of free-gas bloat and vagal syndrome due to an exacerbated granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by infection with Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis).
Clinical findings. Clinically, the bovine showed recurrent free-gas bloat. Findings at necropsy included granulomatous pneumonia, as well as an exacerbated granulomatous diffuse, severe lymphadenitis of mediastinal lymph nodes that compressed the vagus nerve causing free-gas bloat that induced a loss of the gastrointestinal reflex.
Treatment and evolution.The calf had, as a clinical sign, self-limiting recurrent ruminal tympany, of which the treatment received is unknown.Complementary laboratory tests.Histopathological examination revealed diffuse granulomatous lesions without a connective tissue capsule compatible with tuberculosis. Von Kossa staining confirmed the presence of calcium in the granulomas, whereas the Ziehl Neelsen stain identified many acid-fast bacilli both in lung tissue and in the lymph nodes. Finally, a polymerase chain reaction technique confirmed the presence of M. bovis from paraffin-embedded lymph node tissue with tuberculous lesions.
Clinical relevance. There is little information on causes of free-gas bloat and vagal syndrome associated with diffuse granulomatous lymphadenitis, as well as an atypical formation of granulomatous lesions by M. bovis in mediastinal lymph nodes in calves. Our findings, highlight the importance of including differential diagnosis in bovine tuberculosis as one of the possible causes of recurrent free-gas bloat, in addition to following biosecurity measures with the purpose to avoid public health problems. The macroscopic and histological findings described in this analysis, confirm free-gas bloat associated with vagal indigestion due to granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by M. bovis infection.
Keywords:
Bovine tuberculosis, tympany, granuloma, vagal indigestion
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