Resumen
Los coronavirus afectan la salud humana y a una amplia variedad de especies animales domésticas como ganado bovino y porcino, animales silvestres, aves e incluso animales de compañía. Estos virus tienen afinidad por diferentes tejidos, principalmente por los del tracto respiratorio y gastrointestinal en la mayoría de los mamíferos. Se reportan infecciones con coronavirus incluso en especies anfibias. Los brotes de coronavirus en las últimas décadas y en la pandemia (2019-2022) han sido de origen zoonótico debido principalmente a la naturaleza variable del genoma de arn que poseen estos virus, así como de otras interacciones virus-receptor, y a la diversidad genética viral facilitada por recombinación homóloga frecuente. El sars-cov-2 se originó en civetas y pangolines, y en una especie reservoria que también se identificó en los brotes de sars-cov y mers-cov: el murciélago. Estos antecedentes advierten a la comunidad científica de realizar un monitoreo continuo de las variantes virales de los coronavirus.
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