Palabras clave
Enzootia
ADN
Virus envueltos
Poxviridae
Cómo citar
PLUMX Metrics
Resumen
Los poxvirus son un grupo muy extenso, con adn bicatenario y una envoltura lipídica doble, que infectan a un amplio grupo de animales vertebrados e insectos. Su incidencia y prevalencia en humanos y animales es alta, causa importantes patologías y pérdidas económicas. Únicamente se han identificado cuatro virus considerados patógenos en humanos: viruela (Variola virus), viruela vacuna (Cowpox virus), virus vacuna (Vaccinia virus) y viruela símica (Monkeypox virus). Los tres últimos emergieron después de la erradicación
de la viruela y representan amenazas zoonóticas y enzoóticas facilitadas por las interacciones estrechas con el humano, debido al crecimiento de las poblaciones humanas, los cambios en el uso de suelo y la fragmentación de hábitats; así como cambios climáticos, aumento de los viajes intercontinentales, importación de animales de compañía (mascotas), producción
pecuaria o para estudios de laboratorio y aumento de redes comerciales. A raíz del brote reciente a principios de 2022 y años anteriores, surge la necesidad de evaluar la capacidad de infección de estos poxvirus para comprender, prevenir y establecer tratamientos dirigidos tanto para la salud humana como para la salud animal.
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